Combination square and level.



Patented July 29, |902.V

' H. H. RICHARDSON.

COMBINATION SllUARE AND LEVEL.

(Application filed Feb. 26, 1902.)

(No Model.)

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.PATENT Fries..

HARRY H. RICHARDSON, OF BEAVERFALIIS, PENNSYLVANIA.

' COMBINATION SGU-ARE AND-LEVEL.

SPECIFICATION forming part, of Letters Patent No. vease?, dated July 29, 1902.

' Application heart-,bmw 26,1902. seal No. 95,710. on modem To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRY H. RICHARDSON, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Beaverfalls, in the county of Beaver and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combination Squares and Levels, of whichl the following is a specication, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in combination squares and levels, and relates moreparticularly to that class used by machinists.

The present invention has for its object to provide a square with a removable bladethat may be secured to either side of the body portion or attached to the center thereof, said blade being slidably mounted upon the body portion in order to permit the lineal adjustment of the same.

The herein-described invention further contemplates to provide a square of the abovedescribed character wherein the blade will be securely clamped to either side of the body portion or firmly retained-in the center thereof.v

A still further object of my invention is to construct a square in such a lmanner as to bring the blade in a position that will be Hush with either side of the body portion of they In describing the invention in detail refer-4 ence is had to the accompanying drawings, forminga part of this specificatiomand wherein like numerals of reference indicate like parts throughoutthe several views,in which-` Figure 1 is a perspective view of my iniproved-square, showing the blade securedto one side thereof. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the square-body with the blade removed therefrom. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view showing the blade secured centrally in the square. Fig. 4 is an end elevation of the square-body with the blade removed therefrom. Fig. 5 is drawings.

a perspective view of the clamping-jaws carrying the screw-threaded shank.

yIn the drawings the reference-num eral 1 in dicates the body-portion of the square, havingoutwardly-extending flanges 2 2, said body porti'onhaving an inclined face 3, which eX- tends at an angle of forty-five degrees, and the back of the square 4 extends at an angle of ninety degrees or extends at a right angle to the upperportion of the square. The lower portion of the body portion, as shown at 5, forms a V shape and describes an angle of forty-five degrees, as shown in Fig. 1 of the The body portion of the square has formed thereon shoulders 6 6 on each side, and the upper walls of the square 7 have formed therein the central slot 8. In these upwardly-extending walls 7 are also formed openings 9 9, which communicate with the central slot 8. A central opening 10 extends downwardly into the body portion of the square, and the walls of said opening are slightly beveled, as shown at 1l, and an opening 12 is formed in the body portion of the square below the said central opening. Clamping-jaws 14 are secured in the openings 9, and a screwthreaded shank portion 15 of the clamping-jaws extends downwardly in the central opening 10, the beveled sides 16 engaging the beveled walls 11 of the square. An interiorly-screw-threaded sleeve 17 engages the screw-threaded shank 15,this screwthreaded sleeve 17 being seated and operating in the opening 12 formed in the square. This screw-threaded sleeve 17 has formed therein an annular recess 18 to receive the spring 19. The said clamping-jaws carry dovetails 2O on each side, these dovetails 20 projecting outwardly from the sides 7 of the body portion.. Dovetail projections 2l are also formed on the inner face of one of the clamping-jaws, these dovetails 2O and 21 being adapted to engage in the dovetailedgroove 22 of the blade 23. A cylindrical casing 24 is also formed integral with the square and has an opening 25 formed therein. In this cylindrical casing 24 is placed a spiritlevel 26, said casing being Closed by means of the screw-threaded plug 27.

The operation of myimproved combinationsquare is as follows: The blade is preferably secured on one side of the square and engages the dovetail, being slidingly secured thereon.

Y`VVl1en secured in position, the interiorlyscrew threaded sleeve is turned, thereby drawing the screwthreaded shank of the clamping-jaws downwardly. By this operation a double action is obtained upon the blade-il. e., first the blade is drawn downwardly firmly against the one of the shouli ders 6, and, secondly, by the closing of the jaws the engaging face of the blade is drawn rmly against the outer face of the square, thereby obtaining a locking connection therewith. It will be further noted that when in this position the outer face of the square and 'the outer face of the blade are flush with one another, permitting the square to be brought up close to the work to be performed and preventing a shadow, which is apt to confuse accurate measurements when it is desired to make close calculations. When it is desirable to place the blade in the central portion of the square, the latter engages the dovetail 21, and by operating the sleeve as heretofore described the clamping-jaws will firmly grasp the blade and retain the same in proper position. The dotted lines in Fig. 3 of the drawings indicate the position of the blade in relation to the jaws when placed on either side of the square. f

The many advantages obtained by the use ofmy improved combination square and level will be readily apparent from the foregoing description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings.

It will be noted that various changes may be made in the details of construction without departing from the general spirit of my invention.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a square, the combination of the body portion provided with a series of blade-seats 3. In a square the combination of the body portion provided with a central seat in its upper edge, and a seat on each side thereof,

said body portion provided with a verticallyarranged opening communicating with the said central seat, a clamp provided with a screw-threaded shank, arranged in the said opening and having` its upper end provided with a slot registering with the said longitudinal seat, a screw-threaded sleeve on said shank, a removable blade, and means whereby the said clamp will retain the said blade in each of the said seats.

4. In a square, the combination with a body portion provided with a central slot and formed on its opposite sides with shoulders, of a blade formed on one of its sides with a dovetail slot, said blade adapted to be received in the said central slot and shoulders of the body portion, clamping-jaws to engage the said blade and formed with a screwthreaded shank secured in said body portion, said clamping-jaws formed with dovetail extensions on their outer sides and one of them with such extension on its inner side, and a screw-threaded sleeve secured to said screwthreaded shank.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

HARRY H. RICHARDSON.

Witnesses:

GEO. B. JOHNSTON, Jos. C. ROUZER, 

